Biological Sciences

T. rex’s short arms may have lowered risk of bites during feeding frenzies

April 4, 2022

Over the two decades paleontologist Kevin Padian taught a freshman seminar called The Age of Dinosaurs, one question asked frequently by undergraduates stuck with him: Why are the arms of Tyrannosaurus rex so ridiculously short?

He would usually list a range of paleontologists’ proposed hypotheses — for mating, for holding or stabbing prey, for tipping over a Triceratops — but his students, usually staring a lifesize replica in the face, remained dubious. Padian’s usual answer was, “No one knows.” But he also suspected that scholars who had proposed a solution to...

"Overcharged and Underserved - Blind Spots in Healthcare" TEDxBerkeley

April 6, 2022

Dr. Julia Schaletzky, Executive Director of CEND, IVRI, and the Drug Discovery Institute, has been chosen as a speaker at the upcoming TEDxBerkeley Event for her talk: "Overcharged and Underserved - Blind Spots in Healthcare".

TEDxBerkeley, an award-winning TED-based nonprofit, seeks to capture the spirit of Berkeley by gathering visionary thinkers and leaders from the Bay Area and beyond to spark new ideas, insights, and opportunities. TEDxBerkeley hopes to engage its eclectic audience by featuring unique talks that are intellectually bold, passionate, and unafraid to question and...

Berkeley Voices: Biologist confronts deep roots of climate despair

April 4, 2022

In this Berkeley Voices episode, Bree Rosenblum, a professor of global change biology at UC Berkeley, talks about why we need to stop blaming each other for the environmental crisis that we’re in, and instead confront its root causes and expand our ideas of what it means to be human on our planet. “I really think that if we’re not addressing culture at a really deep level, that we cannot address climate change,” said Rosenblum. “Do we want humanity to mean what it has meant in the past, or do we want to create a new meaning for our species and for our purpose?”

Monkeys often eat fruit containing alcohol, shedding light on our taste for booze

March 30, 2022

For 25 years, UC Berkeley biologist Robert Dudley has been intrigued by humans’ love of alcohol. In 2014, he wrote a book proposing that our attraction to booze arose millions of years ago, when our ape and monkey ancestors discovered that the scent of alcohol led them to ripe, fermenting and nutritious fruit.

A new study now supports this idea, which Dudley calls the “drunken monkey” hypothesis.

Antabuse may help revive vision in people with progressive blinding disorders

March 18, 2022

Researchers at the University of California, Berkeley, have found that a drug once widely used to wean alcoholics off of drinking helps to improve sight in mice with retinal degeneration.

The drug may revive sight in humans with the inherited disease retinitis pigmentosa (RP), and perhaps in other vision disorders, including age-related macular degeneration.

A group of scientists led by Richard Kramer, UC Berkeley professor of molecular and cell biology, had previously shown that a chemical —...

Berkeley Talks: Mapping the brain to understand health, aging and disease

March 14, 2022

In episode 136 of Berkeley Talks, UC Berkeley psychology professor Jack Gallant discusses functional brain mapping for understanding health, aging and disease.

“So, why do we really need brain mapping?” asked Gallant during the Jan. 20 lecture, part of a series celebrating the 100th anniversary of Berkeley Psychology. “There’s a simple reason. And I like to describe this as brain metamers. The brain is a big place. There are 80 billion neurons. All of these neurons are connected together in very, very dense networks. There are hundreds of different brain areas. Each area...

Science for all: Berkeley’s Biology Scholars Program

March 3, 2022

Mentoring and support program activates students’ potential for success in biology, at Berkeley, and in life. This video illustrates the history and impact of the Biology Scholars program — and the importance of the community and legacy it creates.

Video: Scientists Work to Unravel Mysteries of How Anxiety, PTSD Affect Brain

February 17, 2022

At UC Berkeley, neuroscientist Dr. Daniela Kaufer and now UCSF post-doc Kimberly Long — along with UCSF and San Francisco VA scientists Radiologist Dr. Linda Chao and Psychiatrist Dr. Thomas Neylan — may have provided a convincing reason why some people are resilient to trauma and others are susceptible.

Anxiety and PTSD linked to increased myelin in brain

January 7, 2022

A recent study links anxiety behavior in rats, as well as post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in military veterans, to increased myelin — a substance that expedites communication between neurons — in areas of the brain associated with emotions and memory.

The results, reported by scientists at the University of California, Berkeley, and UC San Francisco (UCSF), provide a possible explanation for why some people are resilient and others vulnerable to traumatic stress, and for the varied symptoms — avoidance behavior, anxiety and fear, for example — triggered by the memory of such...

UC Berkeley Professor Emeritus Receives the 2023 Gold Medal Award for Archaeology

February 16, 2022

As a young boy in Portsmouth, a naval town in southern England dating back to Roman times, Andrew Stewart kindled his fascination with the ancient and medieval realms. While archaeology started off as a childhood hobby, it quickly blossomed into a career that has taken Stewart around the world, shedding light on human history.

Stewart, UC Berkeley’s professor emeritus of ancient Mediterranean art and archaeology who has served the campus for over 40 years, went on his first dig at the Fishbourne Roman Palace near his hometown when he was 12. He has come a long way...